Expert System
An expert system is basically an A.I program which uses knowledge to solve problems which would normally require a human expert. The knowledge collected from human experts and secondary knowledge sources, such as books. Expert system have proven to be effective i a number of problem domains which normally require the kind of intelligence possessed by a human expert.
Features of Expert Systems :
1) Expert systems allow knowledge to be formalized, which can
then be tested and potentially validated, reducing the costs
incurred through error.
2) Expert system reduce the cost of accessing information by
allowing the dissemination of information held by one or a small
group of experts to less skilled people.
Advantages of Expert System :
Following are some advantages of Expert system
1) Its provide consistent answer for repetitive decision , process and tasks.
2) Its reduce employee training costs.
3)Reduce the amount of human errors.
4)Hold and maintain significant levels of information.
5)Its combine multiple human expert intelligence.
6) Its create efficiencies and reduce time needed to solve problems.
- Limitation Of Expert System :
Limitation of Expert System may arise through.
1) The lack of human common sense needed in some decision making.
2) The creative responses human experts can respond in unusual circumstances.
3)Domain experts not always being able to explain their logic and reasoning.
4) The lack of flexibility and ability to adapt to changing environments.
Application of Expert system Technology
1) Control and Monitoring
Control and monitoring system usually perform sequential tasks and are closely integrated. Monitoring is required for effective control and control is usually the ultimate objective of monitoring. The function of control and monitoring is the continuous interpretations of signals and activation of alarms when intervention is needed.
Expert system have been developed to perform control and monitoring form computer system, nuclear power plants and medicine.
ex PRANTS , assists managers in controlling the manufacture and distribution of Digital equipment of computer system.
2) Design
Design expert system are developed mostly for cchemistry,computer system, electronics, VLSI circuits and military (map labeling ) purpose.
3) Planning
Expert system specialize in devising plans and programs to achieve given goals. The systems are used in computer industry to develop plans for assembling and testing the computer system on order, electronics
Ex NMOS cells and military orations to develop plans for attacking enemy air fields.
4) Diagnosis
Expert system specialized in diagnosis troubleshoot faults in a system, based on interpretation of data. This task is best understood and most highly developed of all expert system applications.
Expert system have been developed for fault diagnosis in various fields
a) Computer System : To locate defects in computers.
b) Nuclear power plants : To diagnose nuclear reactor accidents.
c) Medicine :To diagnose lung disease.
5) Interpretations
Expert system for interpretations performs analysis of sensor data to determine its meaning. the system deal with real data measured from sensing instruments in the form of data streams, wave forms or pictures because of the real data , measured from sensing instruments in the form of data streams, wave forms or pictures because in the real environment data may be noise or incomplete.
6) Predictions
Expert system specialize in prediction and forecast the future from models or programs of the past and present which mirror real-world activity.
These system can be used in military applications agricultural etc.
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